Staffordshire Bull Terrier Health Testing Guide: L-2-HGA, HC & More

The Staffordshire Bull Terrier has two breed-specific DNA tests that are non-negotiable for any responsible breeding. This is the complete health testing protocol.

The Two Critical DNA Tests

L-2-Hydroxyglutaric Aciduria (L-2-HGA)

L-2-HGA is a metabolic disorder causing progressive neurological deterioration — seizures, movement abnormalities, and behavioural changes. It is fatal and specific to Staffords.

Test results:

• Clear: Cannot produce Affected offspring
• Carrier: One copy — acceptable if dam is Clear
• Affected: Should not be bred

DNA testing is available through Paw Print Genetics, Animal Genetics, and University of Liverpool.

Hereditary Cataracts (HC)

HC causes posterior polar subcapsular cataract formation — progressive vision loss leading to blindness in young adults (typically 1–3 years). It is recessive and specific to Staffords and a few other breeds.

Test results:

• Clear: Cannot produce Affected offspring
• Carrier: Acceptable if dam is Clear
• Affected: Should not be bred

Both L-2-HGA and HC can be tested on a single swab through most providers.

Additional Required Testing

Hip Evaluation (OFA)

Hip dysplasia occurs in Staffords. OFA Fair or better is required.

Eye Certification (CAER)

Annual CAER exam, in addition to the HC DNA test.

The Testing Minimum

Summary

Every Staffordshire Bull Terrier stud must have documented L-2-HGA and HC results before any breeding. These two tests are the defining standard for responsible Stafford breeding. Combined with OFA hip evaluation and annual CAER eye certification, a fully tested Stafford stud has a clean bill of health for every condition currently screenable in the breed.